The Forbidden City (Palace Museum)
The largest imperial palace complex in the world is a must. Buy tickets online in advance (mandatory — walk-up tickets are no longer sold). Allow at least half a day. The palace is laid out on a straight north-south axis — follow it from Meridian Gate to Shenwu Gate for the core experience, then explore the side buildings. Arrive early; it gets very crowded by mid-morning.
The Great Wall
The Great Wall is an hour or more outside the city. The most visited section for tourists is Badaling — well-preserved but crowded. Mutianyu is a slightly further but significantly less crowded alternative with excellent views and a cable car. Jinshanling suits hikers. Book transport through your hotel or Trip.com for convenience. A half-day trip is possible; a full day is more comfortable.
Temple of Heaven and summer palaces
The Temple of Heaven is a masterpiece of Ming architecture and one of Beijing's most beautiful spaces — particularly in the early morning when locals practice tai chi in the surrounding park. The Summer Palace (Yiheyuan) is a stunning lakeside complex of imperial gardens and pavilions, about an hour from the city centre — worth the half-day trip.
The hutongs and Tiananmen Square
Walk or take a rickshaw through the hutong alleyways around the Drum Tower and Bell Tower for Beijing's most authentic residential atmosphere. Tiananmen Square is the largest public square in the world — worth seeing for its scale even if the political context is complex. The portrait of Mao at the north gate is an iconic image.